Apparatus for treating cast ingots.



T. PREKS.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING CAST INGOTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28, I909.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

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APPARATUS FOR TREATING CAST INGOTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28, I909.

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APPARATUS FOR TREATING CAST INGOTS.

Application filed May 28, 1909.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, Tours PREKS, a subject of the Emperor of Russia, residing at 3T Riga Perspective, St. Petersburg, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Cast Ingots, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an apparatus for treating cast ingots to remove cavities therein, and the invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts as hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the drawings and specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Figures 1 and 1 are elevations of ingots, showing the necks thereon, the dotted lines showing the cast ingot before being compressed and the full lines showing the said ingot after being compressed. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus, the matrix with the contiguous superposed rings, sleeves, and ring 9 being shown in central vertical section, the upper end of the piston head and part of the main frame being also shown sectioned. Fig 3 shows the front of the apparatus, also partly in section. Fig. 3 is a detail view showing a portion of the sleeve of the matrix provided with a flanged projection. Fig. 4 is a plan of the upper portion of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder of the apparatus. Figs. 5 and 6 show respectively in plan and vertical section on line 66 of Fig. 5 on a comparatively larger scale than in Figs. 1 to 4, the construction of the matrix provided with a device for spraying its inner surface with water or other cooling liquid. Fig. 7 is a detail vertical sectional view showing the manner of pivotally arranging the matrix. Fig. 8 is a sectional view on line 8-8 of Fig. 7. Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views hereinafter referred to.

In carrying out the invention an ingot already cast is placed, during the time that it is solidifying, into a matrix having an annular head arranged at that side of the ingot in which is contained the recess or cavity due to contraction. A vertical pressure is then exerted by means of a hydraulic press. The pressure drives the metal toward the center of the ingot which is less cool and, therefore, softer, and thus the ingot is rendered more compact and metal will fill the recess in the annular head, thus forming a projecting portion or neck on the ingot.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

Serial No. 499,054.

Fig. l of the drawings shows the neck a, on the narrower end of the ingot A, while Fig. 1 shows the neck a, on the wider end of the lngot.

It will be seen from the drawing that the transverse dimensions of the compressed ingots are larger than the dimensions of the cast ingot and that the length of the compressed ingot is only about two-thirds of the length of the original ingot.

The apparatus for treating the cast ingot comprises a heavy press for the compression and a smaller one working at an angle thereto for rapidly handling a large quantity of ingots, as well as a matrix.

The upper cross beam of the press 1, contains the ventically-arranged press screw 2,

which works in the nut 3, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2.

4k is a hand-wheel arranged on the upper end of the screw 2 and provided with handgrips 5, said hand-wheel being for the purpose of raising and lowering the screw 2 by rotating it within the nut 3.

A head 6, which I term a compression head, is secured to the lower end of the screw 2, by means of pins 8. Vertically below the compression head 6 is a matrix 9, which is inclosed by a plurality of superposed rings 10, which strengthen said matrix, and said matrix is provided toward its upper end with a sleeve 11 which rests upon a sleeve 12 surrounding the rings 10, said sleeve acting as a support for the matrix. When an ingot is being compressed the matriX occupies a vertical position, and when the compressed ingot is to be ejected from the matrix the latter is turned into a hori- Zontal position by means of pinion 37 and toothed ring 39 presently described.

14: indicates a carriage traveling upon rails 14 and said carriage is provided with a plurality of rollers 15 arranged at such a height that when the matrix has been turned into horizontal position the ingot when ejected from said matrix may be pushed onto the rollers 15. Fig. 2 shows in dotted lines a pressed ingot 13 resting upon the rollers 15 on the carriage.

18 indicates the piston working within a hydraulic cylinder 19, said piston having a head 16 which is adapted to reciprocate within the matrix when the latter is in its vertical position. 17 indicates an arm connected with the piston and adapted to slide within a guideway 17 in the main frame 23.

. head 16 when the neck is to be formed on the lower end of the ingot.

20 is an orifice through which water is supplied to the cylinder 19. l

22 is a ring made in two parts 22 (as seen clearly in Fig. 9) which are clamped around the hydraulic cylinder to prevent the latter from rising during the return movement of plunger 18.

24 is a horizontally-arranged hydraulic cylinder used for ejecting from the matrix the compressed ingots.

25 are pipes for admitting water under pressure to the cylinder 24 and allowing said water to flow therefrom after doing its work.

26 is a cover which is arranged over the cylinder 24 to hold it in position and said cover is bolted at 27 to the standard 28 of the main frame.

29 is the plunger or piston of the cylinder 24.

30 are clamping arms each having the form of a bail and said arms or bails being pivotally mounted on bolts or pins 30 at one end and their opposite ends being adapted to engage with projections 31 formed on the matrix after the latter has been turned into horizontal position, to hold the matrix in position while the compressed ingot is being ejected therefrom. For operating the clamping arms 30, I provide an eccentric 32 mounted upon a shaft 32, which shaft is mounted on the inner end of the cylinder 24 and carries an operating handle 33, and said eccentric is surrounded by a ring 34 to which are pivotally connected one end of each of two links or rods 35, whose other ends are pivotally connected with arms 36 secured to the clamping arms 30. When the eccentric is turned into the position seen in full lines in Fig. 4, the ring 34 will be shifted to the left as viewed in Fig.4 whereby the arms 30 will be operated to close toward each other and engage the projections 31 on-the matrix, and when said eccentric is turned into the position seen in dotted lines to cause the ring 34 to be shifted toward the right (seen in dotted lines Fig. 4) said arms 30 will be moved apart to release the said projections 31 and thus free the matrix.

37 indicates a toothed wheel or pinion secured to a shaft 37 which carries an operating handle 38. Projecting from the sleeve 12 is an annular flanged projection 44, seen more clearly in Fig. 3

39indicates a ring or shell which is divided horizontally intotwo sections which are bolted together by bolts 40. The sections of ring 39 are each provided circumferentially with a semi-circular toothed portion 39", and when the two sections are bolted together the toothed portions form one complete circular toothed crown which is engaged by the pinion 37. The ring 39 is supported by the flanged projection 44 and has an inwardly-directed portion or flange 45 which fits within the groove 44 of the projection 44. The ring 39 is further supported by a pin, stud or projection 46.projecting the upper ends of said columns being threaded and carrying nuts 43 which serve to securely clamp down the cross beam upon the flanges 43 of the columns, while the lower ends of said columns are also threaded and carry nuts 43 which screw up against the underside of theframe to hold all the parts firmly in position.

45 and 47 are the two halves of the casing which surrounds the column 42, said casing serving as a bearing for the shaft 37 carrying the toothed wheel 37. The two halves of the said casing are bolted together by means of bolts 53. The portion 47 of the casing is provided with a socket 48 for the insertion of a lever for turning the said r 7100 casing upon column 42. Y

50 and 51 are the two halves of the casing which surrounds the column 42', and are held together by means of bolts 53. The portion 51 is provided with a socket 43 for the insertion of a lever for turning said casing upon the column 42. The portion 50 is provided with a laterally projecting flange or lug 52 upon which rests the lug 52 on the sleeve 12.

49 is a bell-crank lever pivoted at 49 to the portion 47 of the casing surrounding column 42 the longer arm of said lever being weighted as at 49*, while the shorter arm is adapted to enter a recess 50 (see in dotted lines Fig. 3) in the column 42" and thus prevent rotation of the casing upon said column.

The detail view, Fig. 10, more clearly shows the construction and arrangement of the parts just above referred to.

55 is a ring mounted externally upon the matrix and having an annular passage or chamber 57 which communicates by means of passages 56 in the matrix with the interior of the latter, whereby the interior of said matrix may be cooled by the introduction of a cooling medium, as water, in the form of jets. V g

In order to place the ingot into the matrix it is first of all necessary to turn by means of a lever inserted in socket 48 the casing surrounding the column 42, until the lug 52 is disengaged from the flange 52, whereupon by turning the handle 38, the matrix is brought into the horizontal position. The ingot is then placed on the rollers of the carriage 14: and pushed, small end first, into the matrix. The matrix is then turned into a vertical position, the casing about the column returned into its original position, and by means of the screw 2 the ingot is forced into the interior of the matrix as far as possible. The hydraulic press is then 0-perat-ed and thus the ingot will be compressed by the head 16 of the piston 18. For withdrawing the compressed ingot from the matrix the latter is again turned into a horizontal position, the clamping arms are caused to engage with the projections 31 on the matrix and the ingot is forced onto the rollers of the carriage 14 by means of the piston 29 of the hydraulic cylinder 24.

During the compression of hot steel ingots in the manner described, the matrix 9 becomes heated, so that for cooling the matrix after the compressed ingot has been removed, water can be sprayed within the matrix through openings 56.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an apparatus of the character described the combination with a matrix adapted to receive a cast ingot, and a compression cup-shaped head closing one end of the matrix, of means for compressing the solid in got within the matrix to cause a portion of the metal of the ingot to be forced into the said opening of the compression head in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

In an apparatus of the character described the combination with a pivo-tally mounted matrix adapted to be turned from a vertical position into horizontal position and vice versa and adapted to receive a cast ingot, of a hydraulic press comprising a plunger adapted to enter the matrix when the latter is in vertical position whereby to compress the ingot, a cup-shaped compression head closing one end of the matrix and means for ejecting the compressed ingot from the matrix comprising a horizontally arranged plunger adapted to enter the matrix when the latter is in horizontal position.

3. In an apparatus of the character described the combination with a pivotally mounted matrix adapted to be turned from a vertical position into horizontal position and vice versa and adapted to receive acast ingot, of a hydraulic press comprising a plunger adapted to enter the matrix when the latter is in vertical position whereby to compress the ingot, a cup-shaped compression head closing one end of the matrix and means for ejecting the compressed ingot from the matrix comprising a horizontally arranged plunger adapted to enter the matrix when the latter is in horizontal position and means for cooling the matrix comprising a hollow ring surrounding the matrix and conduits in the matrix communicating with the interior of the same and with the interior of said ring.

4. In an apparatus of the character described the combination with a pivotallymounted matrix adapted to be swung from a vertical position into a horizontal position and vice versa, and adapted to contain a cast ingot, of a press comprising an endwise movable screw, a cup-shaped head carried by said screw and adapted to close one end of the matrix, a hydraulic press for compressing the ingot comprising a plunger adapted to enter the matrix when the latter is in vertical position, and a hydraulic press for ejecting the compressed ingot from the matrix comprising a plunger adapted to enter the matrix when it is in horizontal position.

5. In an apparatus of the character described the combination with a pivotallymounted matrix adapted to receive a cast ingot, and a compression cup-shaped head closing one end of said matrix, of means for compressing the solid ingot within the matrix to cause a portion of the metal of the ingot to be forced into the said head in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

H. A. LOVIAGUINE, EDWARD MANSCHEIDT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of ratentl. Washington, D. O. 

